CKMfitter

Pulls for various inputs or parameters involved in the Standard Model global fit. Each pull (in units of σ) is computed by taking the square root of the difference between χ²_min obtained including or not including direct information on the quantity. This corresponds to consider Δχ²_X;min=χ²_{with data on X;min}- χ²_{without data X;min} as a random variable distributed with 1 degree of freedom, and reinterpret the probability of reaching the observed value in units of σ. The presence of a plateau in the Rfit model for systematic uncertainties may lead to a vanishing pull for some quantities even in cases where the predicted and observed values are not identical. Some of the pulls presented in this plot are correlated [this is for instance the case for sin 2β and Br(B→τν)].

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The global CKM fit in the large (ρ-bar,η-bar) plane:

Constraints in the (ρ-bar,η-bar) plane. The red hashed region of the global combination corresponds to 68% CL.

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Constraints in the (ρ-bar,η-bar) plane. The |V_ub| constraint has been split in three contributions: |V_ub| from inclusive and exclusive semileptonic B decays (plain dark green), |V_ub| from B⁺→τ⁺ ν (hashed darker green), and |V_ub|/|V_cb| from Λ_b decays (hashed ligher green). The red hashed region of the global combination corresponds to 68% CL.

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Constraints in the (ρ̅, η̅) plane using only exclusive determinations of |V_ub| and |V_cb| from semileptonic B decays as inputs.

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Constraints in the (ρ̅, η̅) plane using only inclusive determinations of |V_ub| and |V_cb| from semileptonic B decays as inputs.

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The global CKM fit in the small (ρ-bar,η-bar) plane (zoom):

Zoomed constraints in the (ρ-bar,η-bar) plane.The red hashed region of the global combination corresponds to 68% CL.

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Zoomed constraints in the (ρ-bar,η-bar) plane. The |V_ub| constraint has been split in three contributions: |V_ub| from inclusive and exclusive semileptonic B decays (plain dark green), |V_ub| from B⁺→τ⁺ ν (hashed darker green), and |V_ub|/|V_cb| from Λ_b decays (hashed ligher green). The red hashed region of the global combination corresponds to 68% CL.

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Zoomed constraints in the (ρ-bar,η-bar) plane not including the angle measurements in the global fit.

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Constraints in the (ρ-bar,η-bar) plane including only the angle measurements.

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Constraints from CP conserving quantities (|V_ub / V_cb|, Δm_d, (Δm_d and Δm_s) and B⁺ →τ⁺ ν) in the (ρ-bar,η-bar) plane.

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Constraints from CP violating quantities (sin(2β), α, γ and ε_k) in the (ρ-bar,η-bar) plane.

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Constraints from "Tree" quantities in the (ρ-bar,η-bar) plane (involving γ(DK) and α from the isospin analysis with the help of sin2β (charmonium), which gives another tree only γ measurement (the only assumption is that the ΔI=3/2 b-->d EW penguin amplitude is negligible)).

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Constraints from "Tree" quantities in the (ρ-bar,η-bar) plane, with only input on |V_ub| from semileptonic decays (involving γ(DK) and α from the isospin analysis with the help of sin2β (charmonium), which gives another tree only γ measurement (the only assumption is that the ΔI=3/2 b-->d EW penguin amplitude is negligible)).

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Constraints from "Tree" quantities in the (ρ-bar,η-bar) plane (only γ(DK) is used).

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Constraints from "Tree" quantities in the (ρ-bar,η-bar) plane with only input on |V_ub| from semileptonic decays (ony γ(DK) is used).

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Constraints from "Tree" quantities in the (ρ-bar,η-bar) plane with only input on |V_ub| from exclusive semileptonic B decays (only γ(DK) is used).

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Constraints from "Tree" quantities in the (ρ-bar,η-bar) plane with only input on |V_ub| from inclusive semileptonic B decays (only γ(DK) is used).

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Constraints from "Loop" quantities in the (ρ-bar,η-bar) plane.

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Constraints in the (ρ-bar,η-bar) plane, not including the braching ratio of B⁺ → τ⁺ν in the global fit.

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Constraints in the (ρ-bar,η-bar) plane not including the measurement of sin2β in the global fit.

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The global CKM fit in the large (ρ̅_M, η̅_M) plane
with M = sb, ds, ct, ut, uc:

The constraints can be expressed in the unitarity triangles associated with the different mesons of interest, with the relative coordinates of the upper appex of each triangle defined as
ρ̅_d₁d₂+iη̅_d₁d₂ =-(V_ud₁V_ud₂^*)/(V_cd₁V_cd₂^*), ρ̅_u₁u₂+iη̅_u₁u₂ =-(V_u₁dV_u₂d^*)/(V_u₁sV_u₂s^*).

Constraints in the (ρ̅_sb, η̅_sb) plane. The red hashed region of the global combination corresponds to 68% CL.

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Constraints in the (ρ̅_ds, η̅_ds) plane. The red hashed region of the global combination corresponds to 68% CL.

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Constraints in the (ρ̅_tc, η̅_tc) plane. The red hashed region of the global combination corresponds to 68% CL.

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Constraints in the (ρ̅_tu, η̅_tu) plane. The red hashed region of the global combination corresponds to 68% CL.

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Constraints in the (ρ̅_cu, η̅_cu) plane. The red hashed region of the global combination corresponds to 68% CL.

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The global CKM fit in the (|V_ud|,|V_us|) plane:

Constraints in the (\|V_ud\|,\|V_us\|) plane. The indirect constraints (coming from b transitions) are related to \|V_ud\| and \|V_us\| through unitarity. The red hashed region of the global combination corresponds to 68% CL.	eps png
Prediction for the normalisation of the vector form factor F^K→π₊(0), compared to our current average of lattice resuls.	eps png

The global CKM fit in the (|V_cd|,|V_cs|) plane:

Constraints in the (\|V_cd\|,\|V_cs\|) plane. The indirect constraints (combing from b and s transitions) are related to \|V_cd\| and \|V_cs\| through unitarity. The direct constraints combine leptonic and semileptonic D and D_s decays as well as information from neutrino-nucleaon scattering and W → cs decays. The red hashed region of the global combination corresponds to 68% CL.	eps png
Constraints in the (\|V_cd\|,\|V_cs\|) plane where direct constraints involve only leptonic D and D_s decays with our inputs for lattice averages for f_D and f_Ds.	eps png
Constraints in the (\|V_cd\|,\|V_cs\|) plane where direct constraints involve only semileptonic D and D_s decays with our inputs for lattice averages F_{D → π}(0) and F_{D → K}(0).	eps png
Constraints in the (\|V_cd\|,\|V_cs\|) plane where direct constraints involve only information from neutrino-nucleaon scattering and W→ cs decays (no lattice input).	eps png

The global CKM fit in the (|V_ub|,|V_cb|) plane:

Constraints in the (\|V_ub\|,\|V_cb\|) plane. The horizontal and vertical coloured bands represent our average of the determinations from semileptonic B decays. The white bands with solid (dashed) borders correspond to the determination from exclusive (inclusive) semileptonic B decays. The diagonal coloured band corresponds to the determination of \|V_ub\|/\|V_cb\| from Λ_b decays. The rainbow oval region indicates the indirect determination of \|V_ub\| and \|V_cb\| from the global fit, without any information from semileptonic or leptonic decays of b-hadrons.	eps png
Constraints on \|V_ub\| from inclusive and exclusive B decays, as well as our average, compared to the indirect determination from the global fit.	eps png
Constraints on \|V_cb\| from inclusive and exclusive B decays, as well as our average, compared to the indirect determination from the global fit.	eps png

The global CKM fit for |V_td| and |V_ts|:

Constraint on \|V_td/V_ts\| from the global fit, using only information on B_d and B_s mixings, and using only tree-level quantities. In all three cases, we use our average of lattice inputs.	eps png
Constraint on \|V_td/V_ts\| from the global fit, using only information on B_d and B_s mixings, and using only tree-level quantities. We use our average of lattice inputs apart from the bag parameters for B_d and B_s mixings which are taken from FNAL-MILC 2016 with a linear combination of uncertainties (linked to the Rfit approach). For the fit using neutral-meson mixing only, we also provide the results using a quadratic combination (Gaussian approach). A discrepancy occurs only in the latter case.	eps png
Constraint on \|V_td\| from the global fit, using only information on B_d and B_s mixings, and using only tree-level quantities. In all three cases, we use our average of lattice inputs.	eps png
Constraint on \|V_td\| from the global fit, using only information on B_d and B_s mixings, and using only tree-level quantities. We use our average of lattice inputs apart from the bag parameters for B_d and B_s mixings which are taken from FNAL-MILC 2016 with a linear combination of uncertainties (linked to the Rfit approach). For the fit using neutral-meson mixing only, we also provide the results using a quadratic combination (Gaussian approach). A discrepancy occurs only in the latter case.	eps png
Constraint on \|V_ts\| from the global fit, using only information on B_d and B_s mixings, and using only tree-level quantities. In all three cases, we use our average of lattice inputs.	eps png
Constraint on \|V_ts\| from the global fit, using only information on B_d and B_s mixings, and using only tree-level quantities. We use our average of lattice inputs apart from the bag parameters for B_d and B_s mixings which are taken from FNAL-MILC 2016 with a linear combination of uncertainties (linked to the Rfit approach). For the fit using neutral-meson mixing only, we also provide the results using a quadratic combination (Gaussian approach). A discrepancy occurs only in the latter case.	eps png

Branching ratio of B_s→μ⁺ μ^-

Prediction for Br(B_s→μ⁺ μ^-) to be compared with the current measurement (we consider here the branching ratio at t=0, not including effects due to B_s mixing).	eps png
Prediction for Br(B_d→μ⁺ μ^-) to be compared with the current measurement.	eps png
Prediction on the two dileptonic branching ratios Br(B_s→μ⁺ μ^-) and Br(B_d→μ⁺ μ^-) coming from the global fit (without input on dileptonic branching ratios) compared to current experimental information.	eps png

Constraints on the angle α/ϕ₂ from charmless B decays:

Constraints on α/ϕ₂ from B→ππ (BABAR, Belle and WA) compared to the prediction from the global CKM fit (not including the α-related measurements).

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Constraints on α/ϕ₂ from B→ππ, ρπ and ρρ (WA) compared to the prediction from the global CKM fit (not including the α-related measurements).

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Constraint on the reduced isospin amplitude a⁺⁻ = A⁺⁻/A⁺⁰ in the complex plane for the B→ππsystem. The individual constraint from the B⁰→π⁺π^- system and from the B⁰→π⁰π⁰ observables are indicated by the yellow and green circular areas, respectively. The corresponding isospin triangular relation is represented by the black triangle.

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